USGS Water-Year Summary for Site 04264331

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	00060 Discharge(Mean)

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Water year 2023: 2022-10-01 to 2023-09-30

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USGS Water-Year Summary 2023

04264331 ST. LAWRENCE RIVER AT CORNWALL, ONTARIO, NEAR MASSENA, NY

LOCATION - Lat 45°00'22", long 74°47'42" referenced to North American Datum of 1983, St. Lawrence County, NY, Hydrologic Unit 04150310, at Robert Moses-Robert H. Saunders power dam on Lake St. Lawrence at the International Boundary at Cornwall, Stormont County, Ontario, 2.9 mi upstream from Grass River, 5.9 mi northeast of Massena, NY, and 6.2 mi upstream from Raquette River.

DRAINAGE AREA - 298,800 mi².

REVISIONS HISTORY - WSP 1437: 1870, 1875, 1881, 1883, 1884, 1890.

SURFACE-WATER RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD - June 1860 to September 1935 (monthly discharges only, published in WSP 1307), October 1935 to current year, also miscellaneous measurements--2008-11, 2016, 2020-22. Prior to October 1970, published as "St. Lawrence River at Ogdensburg" (station 04264000).

GAGE - There is no gage. Discharge is determined from summation of discharge through the Robert Moses-Robert H. Saunders power dam, the Long Sault Dam, the Massena Diversion, the Raisin River Diversion, the Cornwall and Massena municipal water supply, and the Cornwall and the Wiley-Dondero navigation canals. U.S.-Canada coordinated discharge figures supplied by Corps of Engineers. Prior to 1956, base gage at lock 25 at Iroquois, Ont. with supplementary gages. August 1956 to June 1958, base gage at lock 24 between Iroquois and Morrisburg, Ont., and supplementary gages. Prior to August 1956, these were gages of the Canadian Hydrographic Service and from August 1956 to June 1958, were gages of the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario. Discharge in the reach of river at Cornwall, Ont., near Massena, NY is considered to be the same as discharge at Ogdensburg, NY when adjusted for storage in Lake St. Lawrence.

COOPERATION - Records of daily discharge provided by Buffalo District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers through International St. Lawrence River Board of Control, not reviewed by the USGS.

REMARKS - Since July 1958, flow regulated by international agreement administered by International St. Lawrence River Board of Control under the International Joint Commission. Records do not include water diverted from Lake Michigan by Illinois and Michigan Canal during period of its operation prior to 1910 and by Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, which began operation in 1900. Records include water diverted into Lake Superior from Hudson Bay drainage by the Long Lake Project, which began operation in July 1939, and by the Ogoki project, which began operation in July 1943.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD - Maximum daily discharge, 378,000 ft³/s, May 20, 28, June 8, 1993; minimum daily discharge, 139,000 ft³/s, Feb. 7, 1936. Maximum and minimum instantaneous discharges not determined.

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS

PERIOD OF DAILY RECORD - SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE: October 1975 to September 1986. WATER TEMPERATURE: October 1955 to October 1958, unpublished; January 1966 to September 1986.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF DAILY RECORD - SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE: Maximum daily, 400 uS/cm at 25 °C, Aug. 7, 1978, Mar. 29, 1979; minimum daily, 250 uS/cm at 25 °C, Dec. 21, 1978. WATER TEMPERATURE: Maximum daily, 24.5 °C on several days in August and September 1973 and August 1975; minimum daily, 0.0 °C on many days during winter periods, except 1972-74, 1979, 1982-85.