USGS Water-Year Summary 2023

452012093412701 WLN05 033N27W22BCD 01 ALUS-33 0000685849

Sand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions)
Glacial Surficial Sand and/or Gravel

LOCATION - Lat 45°20'11.25", long 93°41'26.50" referenced to North American Datum of 1983, in SE 1/4 SW 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.22, T.33 N., R.27 W., Sherburne County, MN, Hydrologic Unit 07010203, Park in from of the the Big Lake Township maintenance area entery gate. The well is located approximately 40 feet north of where you parked, in some thicker vegetation east of 166th St.

GROUNDWATER RECORDS

WELL CHARACTERISTICS - Depth 22.05 ft. Upper casing diameter 2 in; top of first opening 17.05 ft, bottom of last opening 22.05 ft. The hole for well WLN05 (aka: ALUS-33) was drilled with an 8.25-inch-diameter, hollow-stem auger drill rig to a depth of 23.5 feet. The well is constructed of a 5-feet-long, 2.04-inch-diameter, schedule-40 PVC, 0.010-inch slotted, flush-threaded screen attached to length/s of 10.00 feet of 2.04-inch-diameter, schedule-40 PVC casing. The casing measuring point (stickup) was 2.78 feet (938.08 ft. NAVD88, ±0.04 ft.) above land surface when measured on Aug. 02, 2012. The open interval of the well is between 17.05 and 22.02 feet below land surface and the well is 22.05 feet deep.

DATUM - Land-surface datum is 935.3 ft above North American Vertical Datum of 1988. Measuring point: top of casing, not protection post, 2.9 ft above land-surface datum, Jun. 9, 2006 to Jan. 1, 2009; top of casing, not protection casing and/or post, 2.78 ft above land-surface datum, Jan. 1, 2009 to present. The current measuring point is a black mark on the top of the PVC well casing (not protection post around casing), which was 2.78 feet above land surface on Aug. 02, 2012. Elevation of that measuring point was 938.08 ±0.04 feet above sea level, North American Vertical Datum of 1988, based on a RTK GPS survey on Sept. 18, 2012.

PERIOD OF RECORD -

Water levels were recorded periodically from 14 Aug. 2006 to the present. Water levels were recorded hourly from 11 Sept. 2012 at 08:00 CDT to the present, except during the following periods:

04 Nov. 2014 at 18:00 CDT - 06 Sept. 2016 at 11:00 CDT: due to not actively collecting data during this period.
11 Jul. 2017 at 08:00-11:00 CDT: due to re-instrumenting site to real-time during this period.
31 May 2018 at 10:00-18:00 CDT: due to removing transducer and QW sampling on this day.
06 May 2020 at 08:00-14:00 CDT: due to transducer not accurately holding a WL recalibration. 
11 Jul. 2020 at 11:00 CDT - 15 Jul. 2020 at 09:00 CDT: due to transducer failure.
04 Oct. 2020 at 13:00 CDT - 26 Oct. 2020 at 16:00 CDT: due to transducer failure.
10 Aug. 2023 at 16:00 CDT - 16 Aug. 2021 at 09:00 CDT: due to transducer failure.

GAGE -

Water level and water temperature are currently measured with a WaterLOG H-3123 submersible pressure transducer nominally accurate to 0.01 feet and 0.1°C, respectively. An Onset RG3, unheated, tipping-bucket rain gage measures precipitation and is nominally accurate to 0.01 inches. Water level, water temperature, precipitation, shelter temperature, and battery voltage are all recorded by a Campbell Scientific, Inc. CR295X data logger, which records all data hourly (except quarter-hourly precipitation). The data logger is housed in a 12-inch X 14-inch grey fiberglass shelter attached to the antenna mast. The gage is powered by a 30W solar panel and 12v, 18Ah station battery and is telemetered by GOES satellite telemetry with a Campbell Scientific, Inc. TX321-G GOES V2 HDR data transmitter.

COOPERATION -

Well WLN05 (aka: ALUS-33) is currently operated as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate-Response Network (CRN) Program. This site is also operated by the U.S. Geological Survey as a monitoring well for the Upper Mississippi (UMIS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. This well is included in the UMIS NAWQA Agricultural Land-Use Study (ALUS) network.

The well was incorporated into the I-94 Growth Corridor Study during August 2012 to November 2014. The I-94 Growth Corridor Study was a collaborative effort between the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey.

EXTREMES FOR PERIOD OF RECORD -

Highest instantaneous water level: 14.18 ft. below land-surface datum on 09 June 2019.
Lowest instantaneous water level: 18.48 ft below land-surface datum on 17 March 2022.

Highest manual (discrete) water level: 14.71 ft. below land-surface datum on 29 October 2019.
Lowest manual (discrete) water level: 18.42 ft below land-surface datum on 24 March 2024.

CLIMATOLOGICAL RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD -

Precipitation were recorded quarter-hourly from Sept. 11, 2012 at 07:30 CDT to Sept. 26, 2012 at 08:15 CDT. Precipitation were recorded quarter-hourly from Oct. 12, 2012 at 14:00 CDT to the present, except during the followings:

26 Sept. 2012 at 08:30 CDT to 12 Oct. 2012 at 13:45 CDT: due to dead rain gage battery.
04 Nov. 2014 at 18:30 CDT - 06 Sept. 2016 at 09:15 CDT: due to not actively collecting data during this period.

INSTRUMENTATION - Precipitation is measured with an Onset RG3 tipping-bucket rain gage, which is accurate to 0.01 inches. The rain gage is unheated and uncovered during the winter. Thus precipitation data during freezing periods (about December through early April) result from melting of snow during warm periods and do NOT represent actual precipitation.

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS

WELL CHARACTERISTICS - Depth 22.05 ft. Upper casing diameter 2 in; top of first opening 17.05 ft, bottom of last opening 22.05 ft. The hole for well WLN05 (aka: ALUS-33) was drilled with an 8.25-inch-diameter, hollow-stem auger drill rig to a depth of 23.5 feet. The well is constructed of a 5-feet-long, 2.04-inch-diameter, schedule-40 PVC, 0.010-inch slotted, flush-threaded screen attached to length/s of 10.00 feet of 2.04-inch-diameter, schedule-40 PVC casing. The casing measuring point (stickup) was 2.78 feet (938.08 ft. NAVD88, ±0.04 ft.) above land surface when measured on Aug. 02, 2012. The open interval of the well is between 17.05 and 22.02 feet below land surface and the well is 22.05 feet deep.

DATUM - Land-surface datum is 935.3 ft above North American Vertical Datum of 1988. Measuring point: top of casing, not protection post, 2.9 ft above land-surface datum, Jun. 9, 2006 to Jan. 1, 2009; top of casing, not protection casing and/or post, 2.78 ft above land-surface datum, Jan. 1, 2009 to present. The current measuring point is a black mark on the top of the PVC well casing (not protection post around casing), which was 2.78 feet above land surface on Aug. 02, 2012. Elevation of that measuring point was 938.08 ±0.04 feet above sea level, North American Vertical Datum of 1988, based on a RTK GPS survey on Sept. 18, 2012.

PERIOD OF RECORD -

Water temperature (20.3 ft. BLS):
Water temperatures were recorded hourly from 11 Sept. 2012 at 08:00 CDT to 04 Nov. 2014 at 17:00 CDT. Water temperature data were not collected during 04 Nov. 2014 at 18:00 CDT - 06 Sept. 2016 at 14:00 CDT due to not actively collecting data for studies during this period.

Water temperature (19.7 ft. BLS):
Water temperatures were recorded hourly from 15 Jul. 2020 at 12:00 CDT to 26 Oct. 2020 at 17:00 CDT, except during the following periods:

02 Oct. 2020 at 14:00 CDT - 26 Oct. 2020 at 17:00 CDT: due to transducer thermistor failure.

Water temperature (20.1 ft. BLS):
Water temperatures were recorded hourly from 11 Jul. 2017 at 12:00 CDT to the present, except during the following periods: 

15 Jul. 2020 at 09:00 CDT - 26 Oct. 2020 at 15:00 CDT: due to transducer recording WT data at 19.7 ft. BLS during this period.

COOPERATION -

Well WLN05 (aka: ALUS-33) is currently operated as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate-Response Network (CRN) Program. This site is also operated by the U.S. Geological Survey as a monitoring well for the Upper Mississippi (UMIS) National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. This well is included in the UMIS NAWQA Agricultural Land-Use Study (ALUS) network.

The well was incorporated into the I-94 Growth Corridor Study during August 2012 to November 2014. The I-94 Growth Corridor Study was a collaborative effort between the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey.

INSTRUMENTATION -

Water temperature are measured with a WaterLOG H-3123 submersible pressure transducer accurate to ±0.1°C. Temperature differences are accurate to 0.1°C.

On 11 Jul. 2017, the transducer containing the thermistor that measures water temperature was replacement. That transducer hung 0.2 ft. higher in the well. This change slightly affected the thermograph; decreasing its amplitude away the thermograph mean. To reflect this change, water temperature data were stored in a different dataset (Temperature, water, 20.1 ft.) than before the transducer was lowered (dataset: Temperature, water 20.3 ft.) and sensor depth was added to the data set.

On 15 Jul. 2020, the failed transducer was replaced. The replacement transducer had a shorten cable length and could only be hung as deep at 19.7 ft. BLS. Therefore, during 15 Jul. 2020 to 26 Oct. 2020, the water temperature data were stored in the dataset "Temperature, water, 19.7 ft.".

On 26 Oct. 2020, the transducer was replaced again due to failure. The current transducer is now hanging back at an elevation of 20.1 ft. BLS. During 26 Oct. 2020 to the present, water temperature data are stored in the "Temperature, water, 20.1 ft. dataset again.