USGS Water-Year Summary for Site 473945096202402

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	Available Parameters
	00010 Temperature, water(Mean)
	00045 Precipitation(Sum,Max.) [not accurate when freezing]
	62611 Elevation, GW, NAVD88(Mean)
	72019 Water level, depth LSD(Max.,Min.,Mean)

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Water year 2025: 2025-10-01 to 2026-09-30

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USGS Water-Year Summary 2025

473945096202402 E01S-R 148N45W01CBDD L000 0000249810

Sand and gravel aquifers (glaciated regions)
Glacial Surficial Sand and/or Gravel

LOCATION - Lat 47°39'44.97", long 96°20'24.24" referenced to North American Datum of 1983, in SE 1/4 NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.01, T.148 N., R.45 W., Polk County, MN, Hydrologic Unit 09020303,

GROUNDWATER RECORDS

WELL CHARACTERISTICS - Depth 19.77 ft. Upper casing diameter 2.12 in; top of first opening 13.01 ft, bottom of last opening 17.31 ft. The hole for well E01S was drilled with a 6.25-inch diameter, hydraulic rotary drill rig, on 20 October 1992 to a depth of 20 feet. The well is constructed of a 4.30-foot-long, 2.06-inch-diameter, flush-threaded schedule-40 PVC, 0.010-inch slotted screen attached to 24.93 feet of 2.12-inch-diameter, schedule-40 galvanized steel casing. The casing stickup was 3.14 feet above land surface on 20 Oct. 2001. The open interval of the well is 13.01 - 17.31 feet below land surface and the total well depth is 19.77 feet.

DATUM - Land-surface datum is 1,075.41 ft above North American Vertical Datum of 1988. Measuring point: File notch on W side of casing, 3.14 ft above land-surface datum, Oct. 20, 2001 to present.

PERIOD OF RECORD - Daily water levels are record from 26 October, 2002 to 12 May, 2003. Hourly water levels are recorded from 13 May, 2002 at 12:00 CDT to the present, except during the following periods:

Nov. 30, 2004 at 20:00 CST - Apr. 05, 2005 at 16:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Apr. 12, 2005 at 12:00 CDT - Apr. 26, 2005 at 17:00 CDT: due to transducer thermistor failure.

Dec. 23, 2005 at 08:00 CST - Jan. 09, 2006 at 12:00 CST: due to station failure.

Feb. 07, 2006 at 12:00 CDT - Mar. 04, 2006 at 15:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Dec. 20, 2006 at 19:00 CST - Jan. 04, 2007 at 14:00 CST: due to station failure.

Jan. 07, 2007 at 18:00 CST - Jan. 14, 2007 at 05:00 CST: due to station failure.

Jan. 17, 2007 at 06:00 CST - Jan. 31, 2007 at 17:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Jul. 09, 2008 at 06:00 CDT - Aug. 22, 2008 at 08:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Nov. 30, 2009 at 10:00 CST - Mar. 23, 2010 at 18:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Sept. 15, 2010 at 00:00 CDT - Sept. 29, 2010 at 10:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Apr. 07, 2015 at 09:00-11:00 CDT: due to bad data during QW sampling.

Jun. 03, 2015 at 10:00-12:00 CDT: due to bad data during QW sampling.

Jul. 22, 2015 at 09:00-10:00 CDT: due to bad data during QW sampling.

Sept. 10, 2015 at 10:00-11:00 CDT: due to bad data during QW sampling.

When possible, missing daily-average water levels (above) were accurately estimated based on the trend of the hydrograph during these periods until 1 July 2016.

As of 19 April 2016 at 23:00 CDT, data collection for the Glacial Ridge project has ended. Hourly water levels continue to be recorded and semiannual calibration measurements continue to be collected. However, water levels are only being corrected and approved as time allows. Water temperature data were worked and approved during 20 April 2016 - 24 Oct. 2018 in December 2018.

GAGE -

Water level and water temperature are currently measured with a Design Analysis H-310 submersible pressure transducer nominally accurate to 0.01 feet and 0.1°C, respectively. A Texas Electronics, Inc. TR-525I, unheated, tipping-bucket rain gage measures precipitation and is nominally accurate to 0.01 inches. Water level, water temperature, precipitation, shelter temperature, and battery voltage are all recorded by a Campbell Scientific, Inc. CR206 data logger, which records all data hourly (except quarter-hourly precipitation). On 20 April 2016 at 11:00 CDT, the datalogger program was updated to record only hourly water level, water temperature, and precipitation (no longer quarter-hourly). The data logger is housed in a 14-inch X 16-inch grey fiberglass shelter attached to the antenna mast. The gage is powered by a 10W solar panel and 12v, 12 amphr station battery and is telemetered by radio to telephone telemetry.

COOPERATION - During 1992-1993, this site was operated as part of a USGS regional groundwater assessment titled "Availability and Quality of Water from Drift Aquifers in Marshall, Pennington, Polk, and Red Lake Counties, Northwestern Minnesota" (USGS WRIR 95-4201, MN125).

During 2003-2016, this site was operated as part of a study to understand hydrologic changes resulting from wetland and prairie restoration and climate change. The station was funded in cooperation with the Red Lake Watershed District, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, The Nature Conservancy, and the Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund.

REMARKS - As of 20 April 2016 at 09:51 CDT, data collection for the Glacial Ridge project has ended. Hourly data continue to be recorded and semiannual water-level calibration measurements continue to be collected. However, water levels and temperature are only being corrected and approved as time allows. Water-level and -temperature data were worked and approved during 20 April 2016 - 24 Oct. 2018 in December 2018.

Measured groundwater levels are precise to two decimal places, not the 3 decimal places reported. Differences between subsequent groundwater levels are precise to 3 decimal places, however. Three-decimal place precision is useful at this site for hydrologic analyses such as estimation of groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration.

CLIMATOLOGICAL RECORDS

PERIOD OF RECORD -

Precipitation are recorded hourly during 28 April, 2003 at 18:00 CDT - to the present, except during the following periods:

Nov. 30, 2004 at 20:00 CST - Apr. 05, 2005 at 16:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Apr. 12, 2005 at 12:00 CDT - Apr. 26, 2005 at 17:00 CDT: due to transducer thermistor failure.

Dec. 23, 2005 at 08:00 CST - Jan. 09, 2006 at 12:00 CST: due to station failure.

Feb. 07, 2006 at 12:00 CDT - Mar. 04, 2006 at 15:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Dec. 20, 2006 at 19:00 CST - Jan. 04, 2007 at 14:00 CST: due to station failure.

Jan. 07, 2007 at 18:00 CST - Jan. 14, 2007 at 05:00 CST: due to station failure.

Jan. 17, 2007 at 06:00 CST - Jan. 31, 2007 at 17:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Jul. 09, 2008 at 06:00 CDT - Aug. 22, 2008 at 08:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Nov. 14, 2008 at 09:00 CST - Apr. 11, 2011 at 18:00 CDT: due to a damaged data wire.

Periodically during May 15 & 16, 2012: due to poor telemetry and data over-written.

Periodically during Jul. 11 - 15, 2012: due to poor telemetry and data over-written.

Periodically during Jul. 17 - 18, 2012: due to poor telemetry and data over-written.

Periodically during Jul. 21 - Aug. 05, 2012: due to poor telemetry and data over-written.

Jan. 30, 2014 - Apr. 01, 2014: rainfall events not recorded due to multiplier resetting to zero.

When possible, missing precipitation daily-sums (above) were accurately estimated based on precipitation records from the nearby Glacial Ridge Project rain gages until 1 July 2016.

Precipitation was corrected and approved until Oct. 13, 2015. Precipitation continues to be recorded but raingage maintenance and calibration data collection ceased on Oct. 13, 2015.

INSTRUMENTATION - Precipitation is measured with a Texas Electronics TRP-525I tipping-bucket rain gage, which is accurate to 0.01 inches. The rain gage is unheated and uncovered during the winter. Thus precipitation data during freezing periods (about December through early April) result from melting of snow during warm periods and do NOT represent actual precipitation.

WATER-QUALITY RECORDS

DATUM - Land-surface datum is 1,075.41 ft above North American Vertical Datum of 1988. Measuring point: File notch on W side of casing, 3.14 ft above land-surface datum, Oct. 20, 2001 to present.

PERIOD OF RECORD - Daily water temperatures are record from 26 October, 2002 to 12 May, 2003. Hourly water temperatures are recorded from 13 May, 2002 at 12:00 CDT to the present, except during the following periods:

Nov. 30, 2004 at 20:00 CST - Apr. 05, 2005 at 16:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Apr. 12, 2005 at 12:00 CDT - Apr. 26, 2005 at 17:00 CDT: due to transducer thermistor failure.

Dec. 23, 2005 at 08:00 CST - Jan. 09, 2006 at 12:00 CST: due to station failure.

Feb. 07, 2006 at 12:00 CDT - Mar. 04, 2006 at 15:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Dec. 20, 2006 at 19:00 CST - Jan. 04, 2007 at 14:00 CST: due to station failure.

Jan. 07, 2007 at 18:00 CST - Jan. 14, 2007 at 05:00 CST: due to station failure.

Jan. 17, 2007 at 06:00 CST - Jan. 31, 2007 at 17:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Jul. 09, 2008 at 06:00 CDT - Aug. 22, 2008 at 08:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Nov. 30, 2009 at 10:00 CST - Mar. 23, 2010 at 18:00 CDT: due to station failure.

Sept. 15, 2010 at 00:00 CDT - Sept. 29, 2010 at 10:00 CDT: due to station failure.

When possible, missing daily-average water temperatures (above) were accurately estimated based on the trend of the thermograph during these periods until 1 July 2016.

As of 19 April 2016 at 23:00 CDT, data collection for the Glacial Ridge project has ended. Hourly water temperatures continue to be recorded. However, water temperatures are only being corrected and approved as time allows. Water temperatures were worked and approved during 20 April 2016 - 24 Oct. 2018 in December 2018.

INSTRUMENTATION - Water temperature is measured with a Design Analysis H-310 submersible pressure transducer accurate to +/- 1.0°C. Temperature differences are accurate to 0.1°C.